I was told by my dad that back in the day (about 20 years ago) they were not allowed to get laser eye surgery because no one knew the side effects at the time. So he had to wait until he was out of the CG to get his.
I’m talking about laser eye surgery to correct 20/80 vision. My lenses on my glasses/contacts are -1.00

I purchased LASIK correction while on shore duty in the Navy 8 years ago. I did it with my own money and during my vacation time. Some Navy/Army Hospitals are offering it to active duty personnel now at no cost.
Certain ratings in the Navy can not get corrective eye surgery due to their job requirements. I would check to see if there are Coast Guard ratings with similar restrictions. If there are no restrictions, then you should be ok.
Not in the military myself but seems to me you need to ask your CO. Because I have had laser eye surgery and let me tell you. It’ll put you down for a couple of days and even after that your eyes will still be healing. That’s info your unit or whatever they call Coast guard groupings.. Would need.